Assignment Privacy Issues and Monetizing Twitter Essay

Assignment Privacy Issues and Monetizing Twitter - Essay Example For Twitter, earning income can be done through activities such as promoted tweets and sales of analytic tools and services to advertisers. As Twitter employs a number of its users’ private information such as names, email address, pictures, videos and the like, the founders of Twitter should ensure that whatever step they decide to take to produce income will not result to a violation of their users’ privacy. Four years after it went live in 2006, Twitter began planning to make the site generate income. Valued at US$1 billion and with over four billion tweets from users worldwide (Fraiha 1), founders of Twitter do have a lot to lose if their strategy for earning income will overstep legal boundaries on privacy, not only of the United States but of all countries with Twitter users. Together with Google and Microsoft, Twitter is considering dabbling in data-mining and make use of their large database to earn revenue. Unfortunately, existing issues regarding privacy is making the three companies stop and consider whether the idea is viable or not. 2. There are several stakeholders in this case. First are the billions of users inside and outside the United States. They are what made Twitter become popular and the reason the company is worth billions. If Twitter’s monetizing scheme would violate privacy laws, it is the users’ personal information that is at stake. The second stakeholders would be the companies and individuals that are now enjoying free advertisement via â€Å"tweets† to Twitter users. Since Twitter has a worldwide user base that â€Å"tweet† in real time, pre- and post sales marketing is faster than traditional advertisement. (Fraiha 5) Requiring fees in exchange for posting advertisements would be one way for Twitter to generate income. Moreover, this may help in regulating the â€Å"advertising tweets† and, for users, avoid getting unwanted â€Å"marketing tweets†. Competitors of Twitter

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 38

Summary - Essay Example Though none of the children managed to end up heroically and simply followed their elders, they both survived the war and saw its end. Therefore their actions cannot be referred as something trivial. The story begins in a flashback note where the events of Bloody Sunday (1965) were recollected. The two girls recollect their experiences in the three months of their lives in 1965. These events and experiences are presented in the form of interviews suitable for newspapers. The book does not focus on a detailed version of what happened during the time nor does it emphasize upon the day-to-day experience of the girls but the records are based upon oral history style. Around forty interviews were conducted by Frank Sikora, journalist, and the venue was mostly domestic in nature including the living rooms and kitchens in the George Washington Carver Homes conducted over a span of 1975 to 1979. The discussion has been presented as the interviewer mentions according to what he learnt from th em, their speech and feelings during their experience. Selma observed that her recollection was like writing her own story and for Rachel it was like holding a conversation with the Blessed Virgin Mary. They were not aware beforehand joining the thing was not formal – â€Å"You didnt enlist. You just were, or you werent† (Webb, Nelson and Sikora, 3). But after observing the crowd for sometime, Selma joined the movement willingly. The idea behind interrogating two young ladies, who experienced the time as children while there were several known personalities as well, is that Sikora wanted to bring out those unknown faces that faced the similar experience of violent, arrest and torment as the elders. The two girls could therefore represent the other children form the other towns as well who went through similar experience but whose names have not been officially

The core challenges of managing diversity in the workplace today Essay - 1

The core challenges of managing diversity in the workplace today - Essay Example Thus, it is important to consider the behavioral aspects of human resources. As important factor that determines their behavior is their backgrounds, which are unique in several ways. Such uniqueness differentiates one from other; and hence the entire workforce becomes diverse in several respects. This essay addresses the issues arising from managing diverse workforce. To place the essay in a perspective, the following section explores the diverse characteristics of workforce. This essay would subsequently explore how best this diverse workforce could be managed. There are several ways of defining diversity of labor force. In a simplest form, the diversity can be associated with the uniqueness of labor force - as every individual tends to exhibit behavior that is unique to the individual concerned. Ferris, Frink and Galang define diversity as, â€Å".. any attribute that humans are likely to use to tell themselves, ‘that person is different from me† (Ferris, Frink and Galang, 1993, p. 42). In this case, individuals are taken as unit of analysis. Considering the number of labors employed by any organization, it is near impossible to address workforce by taking individuals as a category. This requires some aggregation, and the criteria adopted should reflect the diversity. While the individual differences are important, these authors go on to suggest that the larger factors such as race, sex, age, values, and cultural norms should be taken into account while understanding the diversity of workforce. Thus, Westerns workers become one category; whereas Asian workers become another category. Within Western society, the English workers are different from that of German and French Workers. Thus diversity of workforce can be understood in different ways depending upon the context and the analytical purpose. Within America, there is lots of diversity of workforce due to

Great American Cities Essay Example for Free

Great American Cities Essay Jane Jacobs’ 1961 work The Death and Life of Great American Cities examines the problems with post-World War II urban planning and argue that cities should embrace visual and social diversity, interaction, and mixed uses in neighborhoods. She aims her most pointed criticisms at the disastrous urban renewal projects of the 1950s and ‘60s, which she argues disrupted neighborhood fabrics and worsened urban conditions instead of improving them. QUESTION ONE Jacobs argues that great cities require must look beyond simply neighborhoods and take a more holistic approach, with safe streets, clear delineations between public and private spaces, small blocks, and low-rise buildings from which the sidewalks are easily visible. Great urban environments literally start with the streets and sidewalks, where people interact with both one another throughout the day and the built environment. Vital cities need and should encourage social interactions, have a variety of uses (residential and commercial), should have spaces that allow such interaction (like safe streets and parks), and should embrace a degree of social and visual diversity. She also maintains that cities do not need to be decentralized or redistributed, as planners of the time were doing, and that planners must heed cities’ social and physical realities rather than imposing theories. Urban renewal projects often fail because they are too large in scale, lack diverse amenities (many were mostly commercial projects, for example), and were homogeneous spaces where social interaction did not frequently occur throughout the day. QUESTION TWO Forms of social interaction (other than those created by public spaces) like social organizations and residential classes help because they unite people from different backgrounds and neighborhoods, and ethnic organizations help assimilate and include newcomers, who often find urban life isolating and alienating. They need to transcend neighborhood and ethnic boundaries, as Jacobs says, â€Å"[City] people are mobile . . . [and] are not stuck with the provincialism of a neighborhood, any why should they be? Isn’t wide choice and rich opportunity the point of cities? † (Jacobs 116) Isolation, Jacobs claims, is bad for cities because it contributes more to crime and slum development than low income alone. QUESTION THREE Jacobs believes that post-World War II urban planners had good intentions but used inappropriate methods of dealing with cities, often because they adhered to theories instead of examining cities’ realities, which often contradicted the theories and principles they used. In addition, she claims they had an innate fear and disdain for cities, favoring suburbs (much like the federal government did, with highway construction and the FHA’s suburban bias) and applying methods to cities that overlooked the conditions necessary for social interaction and public safety. Planners often embraced urban renewal projects such as high-rise housing projects and large commercial complexes, which failed because their size discouraged easy monitoring of the sidewalks and streets, did not generate sufficient pedestrian traffic at all times of day, lacked a balance of amenities with residences, and promoted more danger and less use than needed to keep them vital. Jacobs argues that planners need to abandon what she calls their â€Å"superstitions† about cities, especially their dread of high density (which they think promotes slum growth). High density and overcrowding are not synonymous, and planners often struggled to accept visual diversity, considering mixed ages and types of buildings â€Å"disorderly† and thus bad. QUESTION FOUR The phrase â€Å"a most intricate and close-grained diversity of use† means an interconnected urban fabric of social interactions, amenities, and mixed uses (residential, workplaces, retail, etc. ) without rigid separations or compartmentalization. Neighborhoods should not become islands, she claims, because that would promote visual monotony and isolation (which in poorer areas contributes to the creation of slums). She advocates mixed uses that bring safety, public contact, and life to urban areas, and this cannot occur through planners’ adherence to visual homogeneity or large-scale, single-use renewal. Neighborhoods must achieve diversity by serving a variety of functions, thus generating ample uses and encouraging movement of people (particularly pedestrians). Using her own New York street as an example, she writes that her area’s workplaces give local commerce support during the day, and other businesses draw the residents in the evenings; â€Å"Many enterprises, unable to exist on residential trade by itself, would disappear. Or if the industries were to lose us residents, enterprises unable to exist on the working people by themselves would disappear† (Jacobs 153). Such areas also need to mix workplaces with retail and residences so that neighborhoods do not become empty at given times of day (which can allow crime), provide amenities for the people there, and to be close and connected enough to other neighborhoods to become functioning, vital parts of an overall urban fabric. QUESTION FIVE Of city streets, Jacobs writes, â€Å"Streets and their sidewalks, the main public places of a city, are its most vital organs. Think of a city and what comes to mind? Its streets† (Jacobs 29). She considers the street and sidewalk the basic units of quality urban life because they are an arena of basic social interactions, whether among neighbors or between consumers and merchants. They become safe when constantly used and watched, so residents’ and workers’ proximity to sidewalks is important; well watched, frequently-used spaces monitor people’s behavior and render them safe. In addition, safe streets depend on three factors: clear demarcation of public and private spaces; streets and sidewalks must be visible from the surrounding buildings; and streets need to be used often throughout the day, not becoming abandoned when workers leave (as happens in solely commercial areas, for example). Little-used areas become bleak and conducive to crime, she says. City planners, she claims, do not understand the street’s importance and in the postwar years built large commercial or public spaces that did not attract people throughout the day and night, lacked amenities or nearby residences, and were often too large to safely monitor. Streets become unsafe, she maintains, when people are not close enough to the streets to see what happens there or to interact with passers-by. This was a severe problem in high-rise housing projects, which were hard to police and encouraged crime, as well as being bleak, monotonous, and isolated from the fabric of city life. QUESTION SIX Jacobs considers social and cultural life more important than physical organization alone, though she believes that the two are related and that physical environment has a considerable influence on social life. Dysfunctional places fail to encourage or facilitate social interaction (which she considers the heart of urban living), and a failed neighborhood â€Å"is overwhelmed by its defects and problems and is progressively more helpless before them† (Jacobs 112). On the other hand, functional cities have active social and cultural life partly because they have amenities that draw people at all times of day, mix uses and include residents, workers, and other visitors, and are well integrated with other parts of the city. Visual order, she claims, should not be an end in itself – aesthetics alone do not promote social or cultural activity. She even deems utopian planners efforts to govern cities’ visual character â€Å"authoritarian† and writes, â€Å"All this is a life-killing (and art-killing) misuse of art† (Jacobs 373). Streets with active, sage social lives are seldom visually well ordered and might even look like â€Å"slums† to an uninformed observer. In addition, visual order does not help when it promotes monotony and imposes itself on diverse places; diversity makes a positive difference and buildings should compliment one another, not all look alike. QUESTION SEVEN Jacobs is skeptical of planning because it often relies on its own theories rather than looking at realities; however, she does not argue unconditionally in favor of letting owners or builders operate with little regulation, adding buildings or complexes piecemeal without government guidance. She maintains that neighborhood and city fabrics must be respected and used as guidelines for building; a new privately funded residential building or commercial facility can easily disrupt a neighborhood if it fails to compliment its surroundings, foster pedestrian usage and social interaction all day, and isolates a neighborhood by failing to connect with other parts of the city. Owners and builders can harm diversity by creating bland housing developments, which she deems â€Å"truly marvels of dullness and regimentation, sealed against any buoyancy or vitality of city life† (Jacobs 4), or else by imposing radical changes too quickly, instead of fostering gradual changes. If they use traditional methods of urban renewal, then builders and private owners will fare no better than the builders of housing projects or large commercial developments will. QUESTION EIGHT Over the past two decades, Americans have rethought their formerly negative attitudes toward cities, especially with concerns over suburban sprawl, and planners have begun heeding Jacobs’ advice. Urban neighborhoods in numerous cities have been gentrified (or â€Å"unslummed,† as Jacobs puts it) with new residential properties (either new condominiums or rehabilitated industrial buildings) and retail and/or workspaces. New York’s formerly squalid Times Square is a good example of a slum â€Å"unslummed† with retail and offices, and Minneapolis’ Uptown and warehouse districts have been transformed from run-down sections to attractive places to live, shop, and be entertained. Urban downtowns have received ample attention from developers and public agencies alike; Baltimore’s downtown has been radically changed in the last twenty years, from a seedy place to an attractive one with ample facilities (like an aquarium and the Camden Yards baseball stadium). In addition, public housing has been transformed from large, impersonal, often crime-ridden high-rise towers (such as Pruitt-Igoe in St. Louis, perhaps the worst example of public housing’s failure) to smaller complexes that more closely resemble housing available on the private market. However, urban American has not been completely transformed despite this positive change. Slums still exist throughout American cities, and much of the new development does not help the urban poor, since these new, context-sensitive areas often displace existing residents or businesses and rents in new dwellings are often too high for some. Despite this, American cities have started reviving and planners less antagonistic to urban centers. QUESTION NINE Jacobs was certainly radical when the book appeared in 1961. At that time, urban planners were so focused on urban renewal projects (like public housing, commercial complexes, or sports or cultural facilities) that they paid no attention to the social fabrics that made cities livable. They seemed to operate under the misconception that all urban centers were slums and that large-scale projects would improve them; instead, they uprooted existing neighborhoods and replaced them with facilities that did not encourage pedestrian usage, failed to foster frequent activity throughout the day, were often difficult to police, and did not connect with their own neighborhoods or others within a given city. 1961 also fell during the decades-long exodus of whites from cities to suburbs (which pro-white, pro-suburban federal housing policies assisted), and Americans’ lingering anti-urban attitudes still prevailed. Jacobs offered a different way of envisioning cities, and she seemed to see planners’ errors better than planners of the time would admit; indeed, it took decades before American urban planners and builders approached cities anew. QUESTION TEN This work remains relevant because it presents a set of principles that seem to work well over forty years later. It avoids concentrating on aesthetics, which she dubs â€Å"hair-splitting about fashions in design† (Jacobs 3), and instead discusses social dynamics, for which neighborhoods and cities should facilitate. She shows a clear understanding of cities that avoids the abstract and attests to a more experiential point of view, not a set of theories. However, money plays a much larger role today than it did in 1961; though builders and planners now follow her ideas, this new urbanism is expensive and many less-affluent city dwellers find themselves displaced by new development. Also, while many neighborhoods are reviving with new housing and retail, those areas tend to attract the same stores and building types, so that one revived neighborhood looks like another one nearby, creating a sort of monotony (of which Jacobs is particularly critical). Nonetheless, her ideas are perhaps even more relevant today, now that American cities are reviving along lines she first drew. Jacobs, Jane. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York: Vintage, 1961.

ADHD Prescription Abuse at Northeastern :: College Study Drugs Education Essays

ADHD Prescription Abuse at Northeastern Northeastern middler Gary Brown* reclines his small frame on a couch in his Mission Hill apartment. He looks like a patient on a psychiatrist's couch as he dictates his history of abuse with Ritalin and Adderall. â€Å"I started going to concerts with a friend who had a prescription and whose nickname was Bradderall,† Brown said. Ritalin and Adderall are prescription drugs commonly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. Brown has never been diagnosed with ADHD but he started taking the drugs recreationally as a college freshman to have energy for concerts and for partying into the early morning hours. Soon after, Brown began taking Ritalin to study for exams. Brown was taking the pills about six times a week. â€Å"It’s pretty easy to get,† Brown said. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) cites Ritalin, or Methylphenidate, as a central nervous system stimulant that has a focusing and calming effect on children and adults diagnosed with ADHD. The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that 3–5% of the general population has ADHD, which is characterized as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. This statistic indicates that one child in every classroom in America has ADHD. But Brown is not part of this 3-5% of the population. For Brown and others without the disorder, ADHD medications increase dopamine levels in the brain, giving the user a sense of euphoria similar to cocaine. Students at Northeastern University as well as other campuses are consuming these drugs for better academic performance and a cheap high on the college party scene. Students are taking Ritalin, Addrall, and the newest drug on the market, Conserta, either orally or crushing and snorting them to study, party, or lose weight. In some cases, kids are melting them down and shooting them up. According to Northeastern students, the drugs are very cheap and very accessible. â€Å"Drugs like Adderall, Ritalin, and Conserta that make you focused and industrious can be very useful,† said Jeff Smith*, a Northeastern student. Like Brown, Smith had never taken these prescriptions commonly called â€Å"study drugs† before coming to college. Smith cites increasing academic pressure as a reason for using the pills to focus and gain an edge. Both Brown and Smith receive free pills from their friends who have prescriptions but they would expect to pay $2-$5 a pill if they had to. In 2000 , NIDA’s Community Epidemiology Work Group found the abuse of methylphenidate (Ritalin) in Boston to be prevalent amongst middle and high school students; especially in middle- and upper-middle class communities.

Communication Plan Final Proposal Essay

Usepersuasive communication to convince the CEO to take your suggested approach to solve Best Game Productions’ dilemma. The CEO must perceive the project as something the company needs. Considerthe noise that will detract the CEO from fully receiving your message, and construct your communication to address or avoid that noise. Createtwo tools to measure the effectiveness of your consultant communications. In designing these tools, consider who the audience of the tools will be and how to generate the most honest and objective feedback possible. Discusshow you will use the tools that you created to measure your effectiveness in the organization. Who will you ask to complete the tools, and how will you present the tools to the audience? What methods will you use to avoid bias in the feedback process? How will you use the feedback you receive to evaluate and improve your effectiveness as a consultant? Consider why the company is pursuing a solution and why it is pursuing it now. Consider the company’s customers. Communicatethe solution that you have selected for Best Game Productions. Format your paper and presentation consistent with APA guidelines. Create a 20-slide Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation, with speaker notes, for the decision makers at Best Game Productions. Address the following in your presentation:  · The project background  · The deliverables (what you are going to do for them) To get this material Click this link – https://bitly.com/1oJKWq6 When you get to college, it is a strange feeling. You have to go to class, which you are used to, but you have a lot more freedom than you may be used to. There are a lot of things to know about class, but there is much more to know about your life at college. Here are some tips to help you. Communications – General Communications Write a persuasive proposal submission of no more than 700 words to the CEO of Best Game Productions. Complete the following in your persuasive proposal submission: Describe the project in terms the CEO can understand. Consider the CEO’s perspective, needs, and style of communication. Usepersuasive communication to convince the CEO to take your suggested approach to solve Best Game Productions’ dilemma. The CEO must perceive the project as something the company needs. Considerthe noise that will detract the CEO from fully receiving your message, and construct your communication to address or avoid that noise. Createtwo tools to measure the effectiveness of your consultant communications. In designing these tools, consider who the audience of the tools will be and how to generate the most honest and objective feedback possible. Discusshow you will use the tools that you created to measure your effectiveness in the organization. Who will you ask to complete the tools, and how will you present the tools to the audience? What methods will you use to avoid bias in the feedback process? How will you use the feedback you receive to evaluate and improve your effectiveness as a consultant? Consider why the company is pursuing a solution and why it is pursuing it now. Consider the company’s customers. Communicatethe solution that you have selected for Best Game Productions. Format your paper and presentation consistent with APA guidelines. Create a 20-slide Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation, with speaker notes, for the decision makers at Best Game Productions. Address the following in your presentation:  · The project background  · The deliverables (what you are going to do for them)  · The methodology (how you are going to accomplish it)  · The outcome (what you will achieve for them)

Close Up Brand Analysis

BA 170 Midterm Paper Never settle for second best. And yet, since its inception in the Philippine market, second place has been Close Up’s niche. Though the brand has indeed been successful in differentiating its use and targets from the irreplaceable number one, the dream to finally land the gold continues to linger. Overview of the Brand Close Up was launched by Unilever in 1967 as the first gel toothpaste in the world. The product’s unique structure made it easy to market it as a new and diverse product, all other brands having manufactured the same opaque white consistency toothpaste normally has.Furthermore, the brand made sure to put the blue ocean strategy to their advantage. While competitors were going the more medical approach, Close Up branded itself as the more relatable brand to the youth. Currently, Close Up has eight variants out in the market. All their lines are made to function as the ‘fresh breath maker’, promising consumers long-lasting fresh breath. The variants mostly just differ in flavor apart from the Close Up Milk Calcium, which adds the teeth strengthening function to their product. Company Vision Close Up envisions itself as the number one toothpaste brand for the youth.Their goal is to get young adults to feel how much the brand can help them achieve fresh breath, which, in turn, can boost their confidence to face their everyday challenges. Close Up’s goal is to be the youth’s first choice when it comes to toothpaste brands. The Close Up Mission In line with the company vision is their mission to give the youth that confidence to make ‘the moment’ happen. Much of Close Up’s brand identity revolves around the concept of ‘the moment’, which they define as that special instant of interaction between two or more individuals.It may be as simple as asking someone to be their date to the high school prom or as big as saying I love you to their special someone for the first time. Close Up makes sure to be the factor that pushes the consumer’s insecurities aside in order for them to be confident enough to pursue that perfect moment. Target Market The brand associates itself with Filipinos aged 18-24 who are both sociable and optimistic. These young adults need that confidence to get up close and personal with others and believe that white teeth and fresh breath are important for social confidence and intimacy.Market Analysis The Toothpaste Market Based on Datamonitor, the toothpaste market in the Philippines has increased at a compound annual growth rate of 3. 3% between 2004 and 2009, with Colgate leading the pack with a share of 51. 7%. But after two decades of continuous growth, the toothpaste industry saw a decline in market usage causing most companies to cut prices. Currently, Close Up stands as the industry’s number two with a market share of approximately 20%. What are the factors that affect toothpaste choice in the market? A journal published by Ben Paul Gutierrez shows that there are thirteen attributes consumers look for when selecting their toothpaste. These include variables such as the ability to clean teeth properly, ability to give smooth and white teeth, ability to prevent cavities and the approval of dentists. (insert table of complete list here). Furthermore, the research shows the characteristics of the decision maker (ultimately, the one who chooses and purchases the product) and connects them to two behaviors, namely switching and involvement.Switching refers to the consumer’s brand loyalty whereas involvement refers to the buying behavior. (show table of high involvement/low involvement) Close Up and Colgate are both able to achieve high switching and brand involvement, which are expected of brand which have high market shares. Close Up’s Position In terms of age, Close Up has been consistent in marketing itself to the young adults. Map A shows the relationship between pric e and age and proves that Close Up is unique in its choice of age segment. This is particularly evident in their advertising, which will be discussed further in this text. insert perceptual map a) Looking at functional benefit (Map B), however, we see that Close Up lags behind Colgate, who has, over the years, developed more and more products to address different oral needs. This is also because Close Up has continuously focused on producing toothpaste with the same functional benefits, a few outliers aside. Though this is good for brand reinforcement, meaning that consumers quickly associate the same need to the brand, this may be a factor as to why the brand has stayed a challenger. insert perceptual map b) On the other hand, Map C illustrates the relationship of price and size. Here, Close Up is generally positioned in between two markets, with Colgate at Sensodyne being the higher priced brand (MORE ANALYSIS HERE) Lastly, Map D shows the relationship between price and functional benefits, which may also be interpreted as the consumer’s value for money. (insert perceptual map c) (insert more analysis) generally -toothpaste market, positioning, pricing, market behavior, segmentation breakthrough Consumer Insight -target market, trends, insight Current strategies Recommendations

Case Study of Writer Essays

Case Study of Writer Essays Case Study of Writer Essay Case Study of Writer Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Case Study of Writer Introduction The writer of choice is my friend. He is in high school, in his junior year. He is a competent writer with adequate literacy capability where he exhibits average spoken and written language skills. The writer currently hopes to pursue a career in Journalism. It is for this reason that he has been chosen for this study. He is especially interested in investigative journalism. In this regard, he is a member of the writing club and writes articles for the school magazine to improve his skills. The aim of the study is to find out the literacy levels of the writer, strengths and weaknesses this writer has by examining his work. The study if the writer is susceptible to some of the mistakes common with most writers. These include punctuation, spelling, veering off topic among other things. Results The writer’s literacy skills are average. They are average because he has issues with spelling and punctuation making his work at times difficult to follow. However, after sorting through the problems, one of his greatest strengths is his ability to write in a manner that has the readers engrossed in an article while using few words yet being informative at the same time. He hopes to be an investigative journalist in the future and looking at his writing ability, he will be able to achieve this goal. What is intriguing about what he writes is how he perceives the world. His perception toward the world creates a sense of hope in the reader. No matter how grave the situation is, the written piece exudes an element of hope that all is well. However, this may be seen as an impediment to investigative journalism where the writer is expected to be objective in his work. In addition, he still needs to improve on his writing skills with regard to punctuation and use of compound words. Another problem observed was the fact that he was overly critical of his written works. This has made him to hide some of his works believing that they are not of good quality. These issues are common with most writers; however, realizing such issues creates the opportunity for improving. Proofreading was therefore a major problem. For example, the writer would have omission of letters in certain words such as instead of writing â€Å"Thank†, he wrote â€Å"Than†. These omissions could be effectively handled by simply proofreading the work. Problems in punctuation include a sentence such as â€Å"What should they have done.†. In this sentence, the omission of the question mark is a grammatical error. Grammatical errors have the possibility of changing a sentence’s meaning. For example, the sentence â€Å"John, my brother was ill†. While the writer meant to say that his brother John was ill, an omission of a comma changed the meaning of the sentence. The sentence should have read, â€Å"John, my brother, was ill†. Therefore, proofreading is an important tool in skillful writing. The various exchanges that we have had include interactive sessions where a piece of writing is discussed in an attempt to understand the motivations being each work and what the writer means to achieve. These exchanges have also been geared toward finding out the problems with his writing. In this regard, these exchanges aimed at improving his writing skills. Emphasis was put on how to develop a journalistic tone without affecting his ability to appeal to his readers. Again, the aim of these exchanges was to boost his confidence in his articles. It was found that he was afraid he did not write well. This came from the fact that he does not proofread his work. However, by reading his work, he was able to identify his mistakes and improved his writing very well. The problem with being a teacher includes losing concentration during some of the exchanges. This was because it was difficult to help by being a teacher yet maintain a friendship. Detecting writing inadequacies was at times challenging especially since I was expected to help in improving his writing. However, this helped me be reacquainted with language use in speech and writing and this made it possible for me to make the right decisions with regard to what was expected. What was most surprising, was the fat that he was willing to learn from a fellow student believe that it would help since we were pears. Therefore, I learnt that a teacher and student relationship is important since this relationship either enables learning or becomes an impediment to the learning process. As a responder to writing, I learnt that while some may be gifted in the art of writing, it takes hard work and commitment on the part of the writer to be able to produce a memorable piece of writing. Conclusion The writer in the end was able to develop writing skills that would match his ambition of becoming an investigative journalist writing feature articles. The study reveals that good writing skills lie in ones ability to objectively criticize their own work and identify the flaws that could make an article appear better. Proofreading is a major part of this where one is able to identify the problems. However, proofreading may not be very effective unless one understands the rules that apply in the language of writing.

Differences Between Bacteria and Viruses

Differences Between Bacteria and Viruses Bacteria and viruses are both microscopic organisms that can cause disease in humans. While these microbes may have some characteristics in common, they are also very different. Bacteria are typically much larger than viruses and can be viewed under a light microscope. Viruses are about 1,000 times smaller than bacteria and are visible under an electron microscope. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that reproduce asexually independently of other organisms. Viruses require the aid of a living cell in order to reproduce. Where They Are Found Bacteria: Bacteria live almost anywhere including within other organisms, on other organisms, and on inorganic surfaces. They infect eukaryotic organisms such as animals, plants, and fungi. Some bacteria are considered to be extremophiles and can survive in extremely harsh environments such as hydrothermal vents and in the stomachs of animals and humans.Viruses: Much like bacteria, viruses can be found in almost any environment. They are pathogens that infect prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms including animals, plants, bacteria, and archaeans. Viruses that infect extremophiles such as archaeans have genetic adaptations that enable them to survive harsh environmental conditions (hydrothermal vents, sulphuric waters, etc.). Viruses can persist on surfaces and on objects we use every day for varying lengths of time (from seconds to years) depending on the type of virus. Bacterial and Viral Structure Bacteria: Bacteria are prokaryotic cells that display all of the characteristics of living organisms. Bacterial cells contain organelles and DNA that are immersed within the cytoplasm and surrounded by a cell wall. These organelles perform vital functions that enable bacteria to obtain energy from the environment and to reproduce.Viruses: Viruses are not considered cells but exist as particles of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) encased within a protein shell. Some viruses have an additional membrane called an envelope that is composed of phospholipids and proteins obtained from the cell membrane of a previously infected host cell. This envelope helps the virus enter a new cell by fusion with the cells membrane and helps it exit by budding. non-enveloped viruses typically enter a cell by endocytosis and exit by exocytosis or cell lysis.Also known as virions, virus particles exist somewhere between living and non-living organisms. While they contain genetic material, they dont have a cell wa ll or organelles necessary for energy production and reproduction. Viruses rely solely on a host for replication. Size and Shape Bacteria: Bacteria can be found in a variety of shapes and sizes. Common bacterial cell shapes include cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), spiral, and vibrio. Bacteria typically range in size from 200-1000 nanometers (a nanometer is 1 billionth of a meter) in diameter. The largest bacterial cells are visible with the naked eye. Considered the worlds largest bacteria, Thiomargarita namibiensis can reach up to 750,000 nanometers (0.75 millimeters) in diameter.Viruses: The size and shape of viruses are determined by the amount of nucleic acid and proteins they contain. Viruses typically have spherical (polyhedral), rod-shaped, or helically shaped capsids. Some viruses, such as bacteriophages, have complex shapes which include the addition of a protein tail attached to the capsid with tail fibers extending from the tail. Viruses are much smaller than bacteria. They generally range in size from 20-400 nanometers in diameter. The largest viruses known, the pandoraviruses, are about 10 00 nanometers or a full micrometer in size. How They Reproduce Bacteria: Bacteria commonly reproduce asexually by a process known as binary fission. In this process, a single cell replicates and divides into two identical daughter cells. Under proper conditions, bacteria can experience exponential growth.Viruses: Unlike bacteria, viruses can only replicate with the aid of a host cell. Since viruses dont have the organelles necessary for the reproduction of viral components, they must use the host cells organelles to replicate. In viral replication, the virus injects its genetic material (DNA or RNA) into a cell. Viral genes are replicated and provide the instructions for the building of viral components. Once the components are assembled and the newly formed viruses mature, they break open the cell and move on to infect other cells. Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Viruses Bacteria: While most bacteria are harmless and some are even beneficial to humans, other bacteria are capable of causing disease. Pathogenic bacteria that cause disease produce toxins that destroy cells. They can cause food poisoning and other serious illnesses including meningitis, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. Bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics, which are very effective at killing bacteria. Due to the overuse of antibiotics however, some bacteria (E.coli and MRSA) have gained resistance to them. Some have even become known as superbugs as they have gained resistance to multiple antibiotics. Vaccines are also useful in preventing the spread of bacterial diseases. The best way to protect yourself from bacteria and other germs is to properly wash and dry your hands often.Viruses: Viruses are pathogens that cause a range of diseases including chickenpox, the flu, rabies, Ebola virus disease, Zika disease, and HIV/AIDS. Viruses can cause persistent infections in which t hey go dormant and can be reactivated at a later time. Some viruses can cause changes within host cells that result in the development of cancer. These cancer viruses are known to cause cancers such as liver cancer, cervical cancer, and Burkitts lymphoma. Antibiotics do not work against viruses. Treatment for viral infections typically involve medicines that treat the symptoms of an infection and not the virus itself. Antiviral drugs are used to treat some types of viral infections. Typically the hosts immune system is relied upon to fight off viruses. Vaccines can also be used to prevent viral infections. Differences Between Bacteria and Viruses Chart Bacteria Viruses Cell Type Prokaryotic Cells Acellular (not cells) Size 200-1000 nanometers 20-400 nanometers Structure Organelles and DNA within a cell wall DNA or RNA within a capsid, some have an envelope membrane Cells They Infect Animal, Plant, Fungi Animal, Plant, Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, Archaea Reproduction Binary fission Rely on host cell Examples E.coli, Salmonella, Listeria, Mycobacteria, Staphylococcus, Bacillus anthracis Influenza viruses, Chickenpox viruses, HIV, Polio virus, Ebola virus Diseases Caused Tuberculosis, Food poisoning, Flesh-eating disease, Meningococcal meningitis, Anthrax Chickenpox, polio, flu, measles, rabies, AIDS Treatment Antibiotics Antiviral drugs

Battle of Sedan in Franco-Prussian War

Battle of Sedan in Franco-Prussian War The Battle of Sedan was fought September 1, 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871). With the beginning of the conflict, Prussian forces won several quick victories and besieged Metz. Moving to lift this siege, Marshal Patrice de MacMahons Army of Chà ¢lons, accompanied by Emperor Napoleon III, engaged the enemy at Beaumont on August 30, but suffered a setback. Falling back on the fortress city of Sedan, the French were pinned in place by Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltkes Prussians and then encircled. Unable to break out, Napoleon III was forced to surrender. While a stunning victory for the Prussians, the French leaders capture precluded a quick end to the conflict as a new government was formed in Paris to continue the fight. Background Beginning in July 1870, the early actions of the Franco-Prussian War saw the French routinely bested by their better-equipped and trained neighbors to the east. Defeated at Gravelotte on August 18, Marshal Franà §ois Achille Bazaines Army of the Rhine fell back to Metz, where it was quickly besieged by elements of the Prussian First and Second Armies. Responding to the crisis, Emperor Napoleon III moved north with Marshal Patrice de MacMahons Army of Chà ¢lons. It was their intention to move northeast towards Belgium before turning south to link up with Bazaine. Plagued by poor weather and roads, the Army of Chà ¢lons exhausted itself during the march. Alerted to the French advance, the Prussian commander, Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke, began directing troops to intercept Napoleon and McMahon. On August 30, troops under Prince George of Saxony attacked and defeated the French at the Battle of Beaumont. Hoping to re-form after this setback, MacMahon fell back to the fortress town of Sedan. Surrounded by high ground and hemmed in by the Meuse River, Sedan was a poor choice from a defensive standpoint. Battle of Sedan Conflict: Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)Dates: September 1-2, 1870Armies Commanders:PrussiaWilhelm IField Marshal Helmuth von Moltke200,000 menFranceNapoleon IIIMarshal Patrice MacMahonGeneral Emmanuel Fà ©lix de WimpffenGeneral Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot120,000 menCasualties:Prussians: 1,310 killed, 6,443 wounded, 2,107 missingFrance: 3,220 killed, 14,811 wounded, 104,000 captured Count Helmuth von Moltke. Public Domain Prussians Advance Seeing an opportunity to inflict a crippling blow on the French, Moltke exclaimed, Now we have them in the mousetrap! Advancing on Sedan, he ordered forces to engage the French to pin them in place while additional troops moved west and north to encircle the town. Early on September 1, Bavarian troops under General Ludwig von der Tann began crossing the Meuse and probed towards the village of Bazeilles. Entering the town, they met French troops from General Barthelemy Lebruns XII Corps. As fighting began, the Bavarians battled the elite Infanterie de Marine which had barricaded several streets and buildings (Map). Fighting at La Moncelle during the Battle of Sedan. Public Domain Joined by VII Saxon Corps which pressed towards the village of La Moncelle to the north along Givonne creek, the Bavarians fought through the early morning hours. Around 6:00 AM, the morning mist began to lift allowing Bavarian batteries to open fire on the villages. Using new breech-loading guns, they began a devastating barrage which forced the French to abandon La Moncelle. Despite this success, von der Tann continued to struggle at Bazeilles and committed additional reserves. The French situation quickly worsened when their command structure was shattered. French Confusion When MacMahon was wounded early in the fighting, command of the army fell to General Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot who initiated orders for a retreat from Sedan. Though a retreat earlier in the morning may have been successful, the Prussian flanking march was well underway by this point. Ducrots command was cut short by the arrival of General Emmanuel Fà ©lix de Wimpffen. Arriving at headquarters, Wimpffen possessed a special commission to take over the Army of Chà ¢lons in the event of MacMahons incapacitation. Relieving Ducrot, he immediately canceled the retreat order and prepared to continue the fight. Completing the Trap These command changes and the series of countermanded orders worked to weaken the French defense along the Givonne. By 9:00 AM, fighting was raging all along the Givonne from Bazeilles north. With the Prussians advancing, Ducrots I Corps and Lebruns XII Corps mounted a massive counterattack. Pushing forward, they regained lost ground until the Saxons were reinforced. Backed by nearly 100 guns, Saxon, Bavarian, and Prussian troops shattered the French advance with a massive bombardment and heavy rifle fire. At Bazeilles, the French were finally overcome and forced to cede the village. This, along with the loss of the other villages along the Givonne, compelled the French to establish a new line west of the stream. During the morning, as the French focused on the battle along the Givonne, Prussian troops under Crown Prince Frederick moved to encircle Sedan. Crossing the Meuse around 7:30 AM, they pushed north. Receiving orders from Moltke, he pushed V and XI Corps into St. Menges to completely surround the enemy. Entering the village, they caught the French by surprise. Responding to the Prussian threat, the French mounted a cavalry charge but were cut down by enemy artillery. Map of the Battle of Sedan, 10 A.M., September 1, 1870. Public Domain French Defeat By midday, the Prussians had completed their encirclement of the French and had effectively won the battle. Having silenced the French guns with fire from 71 batteries, they easily turned back a French cavalry assault led by General Jean-Auguste Margueritte. Seeing no alternative, Napoleon ordered a white flag raised early in the afternoon. Still in command of the army, Wimpffen countermanded the order and his men continued to resist. Massing his troops, he directed a breakout attempt near Balan to the south. Storming forward, the French nearly overwhelmed the enemy before being turned back. Late that afternoon, Napoleon asserted himself and overrode Wimpffen. Seeing no reason to continue the slaughter, he opened surrender talks with the Prussians. Moltke was stunned to learn that he had captured the French leader, as were King Wilhelm I and Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, who were at headquarters. The following morning, Napoleon met Bismarck on the road to Moltkes headquarters and officially surrendered the entire army. Aftermath In the course of the fighting, the French incurred around 17,000 killed and wounded as well as 21,000 captured. The remainder of the army was captured following its surrender. Prussian casualties totaled 1,310 killed, 6,443 wounded, 2,107 missing. Though a stunning victory for the Prussians, Napoleons capture meant that France had no government with which to negotiate a quick peace. Two days after the battle, leaders in Paris formed the Third Republic and sought to continue the conflict. As a result, Prussian forces advanced on Paris and laid siege on September 19.

Choose a set of military images or objects and consider how they have Essay

Choose a set of military images or objects and consider how they have mobilized popular opinion in support of war - Essay Example Thesis statement: pictures especially of military objects mobilized popular opinion in support of war. This paper will discuss the role played by pictures in the outbreak and spread of the World War 1 and the Vietnam War. Experts believe that propaganda spread by the media then played a big role in the outbreak of the war (Dowling, 2006). The mass media played a great role in spreading pictures that were emotions and aggressive thus convincing the neutral nations that their sovereignty and peace was at risk (Allan, 2003). Many countries relied on propaganda pictures in scaring their enemies and demonstrating their military power. Cartoonists drew sarcastic pictures of their rivals thus contributing to anger among the citizens and agitations for the support of the War (Dowling, 2006). A majority of the pictures contained ill motive messages such as killing of women and children thus implying the intention to contravene the universal human rights of the civilians that were safeguarded by the international law. The agitated interest groups and emotional civilians could not withstand the provocative messages contained in the pictures and hence urged the governments to join the War in order to ensure national security (Allan, 2003). Pictures of women being raped by soldiers during war prompted feminist groups to urge the nation to join in the war while those containing images of burning property prompted the humanitarian groups to join urge the national governments to take military action against countries that breached civilian rights (Dowling, 2006). This was the height of propaganda since pictures portrayed the negativity of the war leading some countries to join the War in order to safeguard the innocent civilians (Allan, 2003). Accordingly, some pictures and images depicted an ongoing arms race since several countries were involved in military strengthening and manufacture of sophisticated weaponry. Countries like German and Britain were engaged in manufacturin g advanced war ships and battle tanks that could easily overpower the enemy (Dowling, 2006). The mass media fueled the popular opinion on War through showing the pictures of enemy weapons and analyzing how such weapons posed a great threat to their stability and security. Military weapons pictures contributed to War since several countries wanted to demonstrate their superiority and military strength through putting the advanced weapons in to action during the War (Dowling, 2006). The increased fear among the citizens led to agitation for surprise attacks on the enemies (Allan, 2003). The humanitarian crisis images and pictures taken in Vietnam also created a popular opinion towards the War since pictures showed images of crushing trains, burning airplanes, starving children. The pictures of death American soldiers and crushing planes made Americans believe that extreme military offensive through air strikes, naval strikes and additional soldiers was needed in Vietnam. The effects o f these devastating images prompted the entry of other states in order to end the costly War (Dowling, 2006). Recruiting Poster, World War I Pictured above was part of the posters used to urge nations to join in the First World War in the wake of its outbreak (Dowling, 2006). The picture shows a gorilla with fangs and a scary spiked Prussian helmet carrying off an American woman. The club has a label of â€Å"kultur†

Biology research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Biology - Research Paper Example For instance, Bellard, McCarthy and Meekins studied on genetic variation as well as biogeography of Alliaria petiolata in North America in 1st January 2001. According to their findings, Alliaria petiolata varied in not only phenology, but also morphology across all the native plants in which it grew ( Bellard, McCarthy and Meekins 161). They also found out that Alliaria petiolata also varied in terms of seed dormancy. In their results, they also stipulate that Alliaria petiolata is a hexaploid plant species based on n=7. In tandem to Bellard, McCarthy and Meekins findings, Hanson and McCarthy also claim that Alliaria petiolata is one of the plant species that have contributed to the loss of many indigenous plants in North America. They assert that Alliaria petiolata is a non-indigenous plant species that belongs to Brassicaceae family (Hanson and McCarthy 68). According to them, it was first identified in North America in early 1868. Unlike other Brassicaceae, Hanson and McCarthy spo tulate that Alliaria petiolata spreads in the introduced environment very fast because of its monopolization of resources. To justify their point, they expound on how it took it only 20 years to spread throughout the northeastern parts of North America. By 1991, Alliaria pestiolata had spread to Canada and was identified in 30 U.S states (Blazevic and Mastelic 607). In tandem to this, Bossodorf and Prati also found out that it is through characteristic features and adaptations that Alliaria petiolata managed to invade and successively destroy North American woodlands (Bossdorf and Prati 1). They also found out that the effects of Alliaria petiolata varied with plant species; some species such as G. laciniatum was least sensitive to the allelopathic interference. In their study, Meiners and Pisula also found out that invasive plant species conquer and advance successfully in introduced areas because of allelopathy. According to them,

Quick Response (QR) Codes Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quick Response (QR) Codes - Coursework Example This particular code is quite widespread in several nations throughout the globe including Japan and Germany and is gaining popularity in terms of execution by a greater level (Petersen, 2012). With this concern, this paper intends to present the advantages along with the disadvantages regarding the execution of QR codes. Advantages and Disadvantages of QR Codes After acquiring a brief idea about the notion of QR codes, it can be viewed that QR codes possesses certain advantages along with disadvantages. Today, this particular code is widely adopted and executed in every operational field or industry such as healthcare for the purpose of mitigating any adverse situation. In accordance with the scenario provided, it can be observed that it is the emergency workers in Marin Country who are largely using this particular advanced technology i.e. QR codes in order to save an extensive figure of lives in emergency situations. This technology i.e. QR code is often considered to be â€Å"ne w-fangled technology† which has proved to be quiet effective in healthcare segment. Prior to discussing about the advantages and the disadvantages of QR codes, it is quite indispensable to acquire a brief idea about the facets of QR codes. In this regard, QR codes are quite cost-effective and any individual can effectively use a QR code for the purpose of addressing any situation. ... It is widely accepted that QR codes are typically adopted and exploited especially with the intention of tracking humans in terms of recognizing different information systems and image-processing (Yeo, Pan, Lee, & Chang, 2012). Specially mentioning, certain decisive facets of QR codes such as massive storage capacity and fast readability can prove to be much advantageous for individuals along with organizations. With regard to analyzing the advantages along with the disadvantages of QR codes, it can be noted that QR codes have replaced the utilization of 2D barcodes that were invented in the early period of 1990s. QR codes were mainly invented and incorporated in the year 1994 which has resulted in lessening the usage of 2D barcodes by a significant level. The major advantages of QR codes include its provided facility to store several sorts of valuable information and reveal precise data. In terms of advantages, it can be stated that unlike other barcodes that require to be read with certain output services such as physical scanners, QR codes can be perceived by a mobile device facilitating the users to perform different functions effortlessly (Furht, 2011). On the other hand, certain disadvantages of QR codes entail limited compatibility, the requirement of greater knowledge about advanced technological advancements, security issue and the existence of several competitors that are performing similar functions. Amongst these mentioned disadvantages, the most crucial concern is the security issue which affects personal safety at large. It can be stated that the use of QR codes will remain much restricted if an individual possesses little amount of knowledge with regard to accessing the indispensable

REFLECTION ON COURSE PAPER Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

REFLECTION ON COURSE PAPER - Assignment Example However, once the course started, the various readings that were considered, writings that were undertake, and discussions that were had proved that I was going to get more than I expected. Even though my academic ambitions for the course were satisfied, much more were going to be gained for my professional involvement and this is what this reflection paper seeks to bring to bear. As part of the reflection paper therefore, I am going to discuss and scrutinize some new ideas and perspectives that were learned as part of the readings, writings and discussions on the course that was undertaken. Generally, the ideas and perspectives are rooted in the principles of resonance and leadership that was learned. Later, way in which the ideas gained have helped in bringing about a professional transformation to me shall also be treated. The very first new idea that I have learned from the course is rooted in the principle that world-class performers work hard to create their dreams (Tabachnick and Fidell, 2001). Commonly, people tend to have a notion that success comes to people by accident or through luck. They hardly realize that success is a well calculated plan that is executed when key strategies and structures are put in place (Byrne, 2011).

Participant Observation Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Participant Observation Assignment - Essay Example s â€Å"committed to approaching the modern world through the perspective of Halakah (transliterated as halacha) embracing religious Zionism, and growing in Jewish learning and observance† (www.emekberach.org). Halakah is a collection of Jewish laws that have been handed down from the biblical times. Thus Emek Beracha is a synagogue of Orthodox Jews who have promised to uphold the religious traditions of Orthodox Judaism. Orthodox Judaism has acquired a significant dimension as a social catalyst among the upwardly mobile Jews across the metropolitan US cities. This wave of pervasive religious behavior is a relatively newer phenomenon among the young Orthodox Jews who otherwise tend to regard religion as an ultra-conservative custom-centric behavioral tendency. When the writer appeared at the entrance to the shul it was just 8.00 am and being a Sunday there were quite a few congregants for the morning assembly guided by the Rabbi. The assembly in Judaism was being conducted as if it were another sermon. The first thing to strike the writer was the type of architecture of the shul. In fact as almost every other synagogue in the US Emek Beracha, has been highly influenced by the typically American architectural traditions. The divergent features from the Christian church aren’t many. In fact similarities tend to be closer and more or less shared between the two. Such common features include arches and domes. The windows and doors are designed in the same way as those in the church. The structure has a striking resemblance to an open study, with a large hall for prayer. The writer didn’t see a separate beth midrash (or house of study). However the significance of worship at a shul lies in the fact that the participants in prayer are well-intentioned in their effort to understand the â€Å"word of God†. Many of the participants at the shul were dressed according to the tradition and were in prayer posture. Their ages ranged from kids of threes and fours to elderly

REFLECTION ON COURSE PAPER Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

REFLECTION ON COURSE PAPER - Assignment Example However, once the course started, the various readings that were considered, writings that were undertake, and discussions that were had proved that I was going to get more than I expected. Even though my academic ambitions for the course were satisfied, much more were going to be gained for my professional involvement and this is what this reflection paper seeks to bring to bear. As part of the reflection paper therefore, I am going to discuss and scrutinize some new ideas and perspectives that were learned as part of the readings, writings and discussions on the course that was undertaken. Generally, the ideas and perspectives are rooted in the principles of resonance and leadership that was learned. Later, way in which the ideas gained have helped in bringing about a professional transformation to me shall also be treated. The very first new idea that I have learned from the course is rooted in the principle that world-class performers work hard to create their dreams (Tabachnick and Fidell, 2001). Commonly, people tend to have a notion that success comes to people by accident or through luck. They hardly realize that success is a well calculated plan that is executed when key strategies and structures are put in place (Byrne, 2011).

The Church and Naziism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Church and Naziism - Essay Example The movement of Deutsche Christen (German Christians) was undoubtedly the one most directly tied to Nazi regime. Having rejected the Judaic part of the Christian tradition and embraced the fanatical version of anti-Semitism, the German Christians composed the most influential groups of German Lutheran Protestants. Their movement was officially established in November 1933, when the record mass rally of German Lutherans affirmed the continuation between the teachings of Martin Luther and Adolph Hitler, the dismissal of Baptized Jews from the Church and the (partial) rejection of the Old Testament. The German Christians justified the absolute adherence to the State authority by the claims on the primacy of temporal power that were found in some of Luther’s writings. German Mà ¼ller, the Reichsbischof of the German Evangelical Church, established in July 1933, was the supreme leader of this movement. Although the German Christians numbered more than 600,000 in the mid 1930s, Mà ¼ller’s aim of unification of Catholic and Protestant churches of Germany under his personal control was never attained, and he committed suicide in May 1945, when the news of Hitler’s death reached him. Even though the German Christians were effectively supported by the Nazi government, the internal opposition to the Nazification and â€Å"Aryanization† of the Evangelical (Protestant) Churches emerged. The attempts by the German Christians to enforce an ‘Aryan Paragraph’, which would de-frock all priests of Jewish descent as well as those who were married to non-Germans, aroused an outcry among more liberal members of the Protestant churches who founded the Confessing Church. Under the leadership of Martin Niemà ¶ller, the Confessing Church fiercely opposed the attempts of the state authorities to enforce the Aryan Paragraph and expel the pastors of Jewish descent from the Protestant churches. Later on, the Confessing Church

Case Brief Essay Example for Free

Case Brief Essay Mr. David R. Bullock filed an appeal from his convictions for attempted statutory rape, and attempted sexual exploitation of a minor. David R. Bullock put himself in numerous conversations via email and chat rooms with a Newton County Deputy Sheriff who was conducting a sting operation against pedophiles. The Deputy took on a persona of a thirteen year old female by the name of â€Å"Ashley Anne†. Many of the conversations that took place between Mr. Bullock and â€Å"Ashley† were of a sexual nature. During conversations between Mr. Bullock and â€Å"Ashley†, he discussed how he would like to engage in certain acts (sexual) with her and her friends (girls of younger age) and how he would like to video those acts. He informed â€Å"Ashley† that the conversations about meeting with her and her friends should not be discussed because it was not legal for them to meet. Eventually a meeting was scheduled for a time and a place to meet and specific instructions were given to â€Å"Ashley† on how the meeting should take place. â€Å"Ashley† was told that upon her arrival to the specified location, she should meet Mr. Bullock in a specific area of that location. History On October 18, 2002, Mr. Bullock and the decoy â€Å"Ashley† were present at the specified location, along with computer and video equipment in his vehicle, which ultimately leads to the arrest of Mr. Bullock. At the time of the arrest, Mr. Bullock did not deny having conversations with â€Å"Ashley† but explained that if she would arrive, he just wanted her to be counseled by the authorities on the dangers of meeting strangers on the internet. Mr. Bullock argues that his case is a case of entrapment and that he took no â€Å"substantial steps† towards committing the crimes he has been charged with. Issue: The sufficiency of the evidence is challenged and Appellant claims an entrapment defense for the reason that he was not predisposed to engage in the charged offenses, we shall set forth in greater detail a series of sordid internet and telephone communications between Appellant and the purported 3 victim than we usually would. Holding First, Appellant does not admit that he committed the crimes for which he was convicted and, second, there is no evidence that Appellant was not predisposed, ready and willing to commit these crimes.   Appellant did not meet his burden of injecting into the case a proper case for entrapment. Rational Appellant tendered four jury instructions alleging the affirmative defense of entrapment.   Appellant cites to the evidence that Ashley induced Appellant to take the â€Å"substantial step† of committing the crimes of statutory rape and sexual exploitation of a minor when he was not otherwise so inclined.   Appellant contends that he was only willing to express his fantasies, which was not a crime he was charged or convicted of, and he was not willing to act upon his fantasies without the inducement by Ashley.   He notes that Ashley initiated the majority of contacts with Appellant; specifically, he claims Ashley initiated seventeen of the nineteen instant messages and four of the eight e-mails between her and Appellant.   Appellant indicated the portions of the conversations where Ashley first proposed that Appellant come to Diamond and persisted in trying to set a firm date; he claims he was reluctant to act on his desires.   Appellants cla im that he would not have committed the charged offenses but for the enticement by Ashley is not supported by the evidence.

Response to Hip-hop Feminism

Response to Hip-hop Feminism Let Me Blow Your Mind: Response to Hip-hop Feminism In Let Me Blow Your Mind: Hip Hop Feminist Futures in Theory and Praxis, Lindsey explores the origins of hip-hop feminism, its relation to Black feminism(s), and its application to urban education. She also challenges the centralization of the African American male perspective in hip-hop by focusing on the Black and Brown girls and womens, transgender people of colors, and queer people of colors lived experiences. In this essay, I will examine the social context of the writer, how she describes current realities, how she analysis these realities, her vision and strategy for the future, and how the historical contacts affects this theory. I will end by sharing how this theory has relevance to my own life. Dr. Treva Lindsey is currently a professor at the Ohio State University in the Womens, Gender, and Sexuality Studies department. She received her Bachelor of Arts from Oberlin College and her Masters and Ph.D. from Duke University. She specializes in Black feminist theory, womens history, and popular culture studies along with work in critical race and gender theory, sexual politics, and African diaspora studies (Treva Lindsey). Lindsey is a self-described diva feminist, which she describes as being audacious, vibrant, passionate, and fierce in [her] dedication to eradicating racism, poverty, sexism, homophobia, religious intolerance, and other forms of socio-historical, political, and cultural oppression and exploitation (Lindsey), who is informed by Black feminist theory, hip-hop feminism, and her position as an African American woman in academia. In her publication, Lindsey states that women and girls not only play an integral role in the formation and sustaining of hip-hop culture(s) but also provide distinct standpoints, perspectives, and interventions into one of the most powerful cultural movements of late-20th and early-21st centuries (Lindsey 53). This idea is the base of hip-hop feminism that argues these contributions and perspectives are ignored or exploited by hip-hop culture. Lindsey describes several key theoretical interventions of hip-hop feminismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦including bringing wreck, kinetic orality, sonic pleasure, percussive resistance, and Black girl standpoint theory (Lindsey 55) to challenge the devaluation of womens and girls engagement with hip-hop (Lindsey 53). This devaluation benefits the African American male perspective in hip-hop which, as hip-hop feminism has argued against, has led to pervasive sexism and misogynyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in rap music (Lindsey 62). Lindsey starts her analysis of this reality by first exploring the relationship, and the differences, between Black feminism(s) and hip-hop feminism. She explains that there are material and discursive differencesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦between second-wave Black feminists and women of the hip-hop generation (Lindsey 56). While both feminisms address sexism and the patriarchy, Black feminists do not believe it is possible to base a feminist epistemology in a movement where sexism and misogyny thrive. Hip-hop feminism argues for a feminism that considers the messiness and lived contradictions of human experience (Lindsey 56), such as the women who participate in a culture such as hip-hop, to better understand the reality of women and girls. Lindsey describes this argument perfectly stating if we do not take seriously the pleasure girls and women derive from music, even misogynistic and sexist music, we miss an opportunity to theorize the complexities of women and girls pleasure and enjoyment (L indsey 63). The analysis continues with her challenging the African American male as the subject of hip-hop. As stated, she used the theoretical interventions of bringing wreck, kinetic orality, sonic pleasure, percussive resistance, and Black girl standpoint theory to argue Black and brown womens and girls roles in creating and sustaining hip-hop culture. Activities such as hand-games, Double-Dutch, and childhood chants are ways girls learn to preform race and gender, while constructing a musical Blackness, that then becomes a pivotal part of hip-hop (Lindsey). However, this musical Blackness is also vilified in the hip-hop community as shown by Lindseys twerking example. The co-optation of twerking coupled with its decontextualized deployments in mass media also mirrors histories of cultural appropriation, hyper-sexualization of Black women and girls, and the demonization and devaluation of Black cultural forms and social practices performed by Black people (Lindsey 60). While Lindsey never explicitly states her vision, it is clear that she wants hip-hop to move away from the misogyny and sexism it is known for and for women and girls to both develop new music and to think critically about the music they listen to. She discusses hip-hop education as a possible strategy to address these concerns. Its been shown that the problematic lyrics and images of rap music were secondary to the beat of the music for the girls, even as the girls critiqued the music for its derogatory content (Love 91). This means that teaching women and girls media literacy will help them recognize the misogyny and sexism in music but not stop them from enjoying the genre; which may lead to more of these women and girls to either move towards music, in the same genre, that is less or not misogynistic or to create music that does not have these themes of misogyny. Creation of new music in the hip-hop genre is where hip-hop education can play an important role. Brown argues that we do not hear Black girls or their truths because their sound is at best misunderstood, and at worst, framed as problematic. According to Brown, the tonality of Black girls is the core of their expressivity, but often receives admonishment because of its juxtaposition to acceptable performances of girlhood' (Lindsey 61). Some hip-hop education organizations, such as Saving Our Lives Hear Our Truths (SOLHOT), demand that grown-ups not tell Black girls to quiet downà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦to experience Black girls unique voices and articulations (Lindsey 62). Giving space for these girls to think critically about the messages around them and to develop their own voice and sound will enable them to influence the world and music around them in ways they could not before. Hip-hop feminism has its roots in the hip-hop movement of the late 20th century and Black feminism(s). In 1999, when cultural critic and journalist Joan Morgan coined the term hip-hop feminist, she did not imagine how instrumental her framing of her standpoint as someone simultaneously rooted in both hip-hop and Black feminism(s) would be for the emergence of the scholarly subfield, women in hip-hop (Lindsey 55). Lindsey uses hip-hop feminism to analyze women and girls contributions to the hip-hop genre, to challenge the centering of the African American male perspective in hip-hop, and to suggest possible ways to change the misogyny and sexism in the genre. Hip-hop feminism was created when women of the hip-hop generation felt Black feminism(s) did not apply to their lives because it did not view them as both empowering and problematic. This context created what Morgan called a functional feminism that focused on the unique lives and experiences of the women of the hip-hop generatio n. Unfortunately, I could not discuss every topic Lindsey addressed in this response. I chose to focus on Lindseys descriptions of musical Blackness and hip-hop education because those ideas have the most relevance to my current time and location. As a science educator, I am passionate about minority representation in and access to the sciences. I want the content I teach to be accessible to anyone who walks into my classroom but that is only possible if I ensure my classroom environment is safe for everyone. There are several aspects of hip-hop education that I could bring into my classroom, such as experience Black girls unique voices and articulations (Lindsey 62) as it applies to scientific discovery and inquiry, that would make the space more welcoming to students. By applying hip-hop feminist pedagogy to my classroom, I could help students see themselves as scientists. Lindsey uses hip-hop feminism to challenge the idea that the subject of hip hop is the African American male and to inform educational techniques to empower girls of color. While the theory itself does not have much relevance to my life, its application in the classroom could help me introduce the world of science to students in a way that is enjoyable. Hip-hop feminism may be generationally specific with a focus on critical race theory but it is applicable to many situations as Lindsey showed by applying it to both the hip-hop community, the classroom, and violence against transgender and queer individuals. Work Cited Lindsey, Treva. Blog post. A Diva Feminist. Blogger.com, 30 Apr. 2009. Web. 4 Mar. 2017. . Lindsey, Treva. Let Me Blow Your Mind: Hip Hop Feminist Futures in Theory and Praxis. Urban Education. 50.1 (2015): 52-77. Web. Love, Bettina. Hip hops lil sistas speak: Negotiating hip hop identities and politics  in the New South. Peter Lang. 2012. Treva Lindsey. Womens Gender and Sexuality Studies. N.p., 5 Feb. 2015. Web. 4 Mar. 2017. .

Wealth and Greed - Do You Suffer from Affluenza? :: Argumentative Persuasive Essay Examples

Affluenza: A Human Created Disease With Profound Consequences Chances are that you haven't come across the disease known as affluenza, even if you have been an avid reader of newspapers and listener of news broadcasts. It is possibly the least discussed of the more debilitating diseases of our time. Strangeness characterizes this disease in many other ways too. Almost every one of us actively carries it. Its effects impact not only the immediate carrier but also society at large. Its symptoms are so commonplace that few people make a connection between the disease and the discomfort that it breeds. It infects rich and poor alike, and is beginning to imbed itself in younger and younger carriers. Oddly, those that do recognize the scourge that it sometimes brings are disparagingly referred to as hypocrites, elitists, party-poopers, or catastrophists. And most confusing, it is a disease that is socially acceptable among many of us. Wow, what a bizarre disease, huh? Yet, fortunately, known cures exist for this disorder but they require our dedicati on and perseverance to eradicate this pernicious malady. Defined by authors of a book with the same title, Affluenza is "a painful, contagious, socially transmitted condition of overload, debt, anxiety, and waste resulting from the dogged pursuit of more" (de Graaf et al.). In simple terms, affluenza is a disease that many of us suffer because we are too fixated on buying and consuming more and more. Do you think you or others you know might have it? But how would you know if you have it? What are the signs of this disease? According to some, affluenza is so encompassing in its effects on our psyches and our bodies that many symptoms of it do not appear different other more common disorders. Other symptoms are more easily distinguishable. Rather than spell out each symptom one by one, let's determine the extent to which you might have this disease through a series of questions. Answer the following questions with yes or no answers: 1. When you find yourself in a depressed mood, do you often get an impulse to buy something to soothe yourself?; 2. Do you often pay close to the minimum payment on your credit cards because of lack of available funds? 3. Do you work a job (either a 2nd job or an additional job to your spouse's) in order to afford the "luxuries" in life?; 4. Do you spend holidays with family members in facilities designated for consuming products-e.

Oot of School Youth

Research in English 2 (Out of School Youth) Prepared by:Osorio, Marie Ann Dominic/ Galvez, Anthony Ross BSCS- 1A To be submitted to Mr. Albert E. Arenas General Topic: Out of School Youth What:Reasons/ Causes of being out of school youth. Who:children (ages 6- 17) and teenagers (ages 18- 24) Where: Philippines Narrowed Topic: Reasons/ Causes of being out of school youth of children and teenagers in the Philippines Key Questions: 1. What is out of school youth? 2. What are the reasons/ factors of being out of school youth? 3. What are the things that could help those out of school youth? 1 of every 8 Filipino youths not in school–surveyBy  RizaT. Olchondra Philippine Daily Inquirer 2:12 am | Sunday, November 6th, 2011 One out of eight Filipinos aged between six and 24 is an out-of-school youth (OSY), according to the 2010 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) of the National Statistics Office (NSO). This translates to about 16 percent of the estimated 39 million Filipinos i n that age bracket, or 6. 24 million people, the NSO said in a report released last week. It said that among the main reasons cited by both males and females for not attending school were â€Å"lack of personal interest,† â€Å"high cost of education,† and â€Å"looking for work. † OSY definedAccording to the office, the term OSY refers to family members six to 17 years old who are not attending a formal school as well as family members 18 to 24 years old who are currently out of school, not gainfully employed and had not finished college or a post-secondary course. â€Å"Among OSYs who are six to 12 years old, lack of personal interest and too young to go to school are two leading reasons, for both males and females,† NSO administrator Carmelita N. Ericta said in the report. Lack of personal interest was also the commonly cited reason for OSYs 13 to 17 years of age, followed by the high cost of education, according to Ericta.For OSYs aged 18 to 24 years, looking for work was cited as the main reason among males, and marriage among females, she added. The state-owned think-tank Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) said that Filipino families and the Philippine government put a high premium on education, but school participation still remained wanting precisely because of the reasons cited in the NSO study. The PIDS said that addressing the   â€Å"lack of interest† was particularly important because it could be a catch-all phrase for anything, from adjustments due to late school entry to lack of financial or parental support.Besides improving the quality of education and the accessibility of schools, PIDS suggested that the government improve information campaigns on what age children should start going to school and promote continuing education for mothers so that they would support school attendance among their children. Major factor Lack of parental support for education was found to be a major factor in c hildren’s â€Å"lack of interest† in going to school.In addressing the economic blocks to school participation, PIDS said, the government’s conditional cash transfer program might help families that decide to put their children to work rather than complete their education. The Annual Poverty Indicators poll is a nationwide survey conducted during the years when the Family Income and Expenditures Survey is not carried out. For a full survey, the number of samples is around 50,000 households. In the 2010 APIS round, only half of the sample size was used. Of the 21,023 eligible sample households for the 2010 APIS round, 20,103 were interviewed. This translated to a response rate of 95. percent at the national level. Bibliography Olchondra, Riza T. â€Å"1 of every 8 Filipino youths not in school– survey†. Philippine Daily Inquirer. November 6, 2011. Reasons/ Causes of being out DQ of school youth of children and teenagers in the Philippines â€Å"One out of eight Filipinos aged between six and 24 is an out-of-school youth (OSY), according to the 2010 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) of the National Statistics Office (NSO). This translates to about 16 percent of the estimated 39 million Filipinos in that age bracket, or 6. 24 million people, the NSO said in a report released last week.It said that among the main reasons cited by both males and females for not attending school were â€Å"lack of personal interest,† â€Å"high cost of education,† and â€Å"looking for work. † OSY defined According to the office, the term OSY refers to family members six to 17 years old who are not attending a formal school as well as family members 18 to 24 years old who are currently out of school, not gainfully employed and had not finished college or a post-secondary course. â€Å"Among OSYs who are six to 12 years old, lack of personal interest and too young to go to school are two leading reasons, for both males a nd females,† NSO administrator Carmelita N.Ericta said in the report. Lack of personal interest was also the commonly cited reason for OSYs 13 to 17 years of age, followed by the high cost of education, according to Ericta. For OSYs aged 18 to 24 years, looking for work was cited as the main reason among males, and marriage among females, she added. The state-owned think-tank Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) said that Filipino families and the Philippine government put a high premium on education, but school participation still remained wanting precisely because of the reasons cited in the NSO study.The PIDS said that addressing the   â€Å"lack of interest† was particularly important because it could be a catch-all phrase for anything, from adjustments due to late school entry to lack of financial or parental support. Besides improving the quality of education and the accessibility of schools, PIDS suggested that the government improve information campaigns on what age children should start going to school and promote continuing education for mothers so that they would support school attendance among their children. Major factorLack of parental support for education was found to be a major factor in children’s â€Å"lack of interest† in going to school. In addressing the economic blocks to school participation, PIDS said, the government’s conditional cash transfer program might help families that decide to put their children to work rather than complete their education. The Annual Poverty Indicators poll is a nationwide survey conducted during the years when the Family Income and Expenditures Survey is not carried out. For a full survey, the number of samples is around 50,000 households.In the 2010 APIS round, only half of the sample size was used. Of the 21,023 eligible sample households for the 2010 APIS round, 20,103 were interviewed. This translated to a response rate of 95. 6 percent at the national level. † Olchondra Reasons/ Causes of being out S of school youth of children and teenagers in the Philippines According to the 2010 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) of the National Statistic Office (NSO), one of eight Filipinos aged between six and twenty-four (6 & 24) is an out of school youth (OSY).It means that in 39 million Filipinos on that said age bracket, 6. 24 million (16%) of it were OSY. According to NSO, the term OSY refers to family members 6- 17 years old who are not attending a formal school as well as family members 18- 24 years old who are currently out of school, not gainfully employed and had not finished college or a post-secondary course. The major factor or reasons of being out of school youth is â€Å"lack of interest†. And the â€Å"lack of interest† of the children is due to â€Å"lack of parental support†.In addition, â€Å"lack of personal interest† and â€Å"too young to go to school† is the main reason of ages 6- 12 years old, same with ages 13- 17 years old. While looking for a job was cited as the main reason among males, and getting married is the main reason among females of ages 18- 24. Olchondra Reasons/ Causes of being out P of school youth of children and teenagers in the Philippines Out of School Youth (OSY) refers to children who are not attending formal school, and teenagers who had not finished college or a post-secondary course. According to NSO, 6. 4 million (16%) of the estimated 39 million Filipinos of ages 6- 24 years old were out of school youth (OSY). The major factor or reasons of being out of school youth is â€Å"lack of interest†. And the â€Å"lack of interest† of the children is due to â€Å"lack of parental support†. In addition, â€Å"lack of personal interest† and â€Å"too young to go to school† is the main reason of ages 6- 12 years old, same with ages 13- 17 years old. While looking for a job was cited as the main reas on among males, and getting married is the main reason among females of ages 18- 24. Olchondra

Reflective Statement Essay

For this module, we are required to do an assignment with regards of SME company. The purpose of writing the report is to analyze the key internal issues the management is likely to face when strategizing their marketing formula. Besides, we are also required to provide a practical recommendation for the company. For this project, the class was divided into 3 groups and each group consists of 3 members. My group members are Miss Tai Geok Yeong and Miss Sharanya. Discussions among group members were held 4 times, on the 29th October, 2nd November, 4th November and 6th November, respectively. Besides of our normal eeting in college, the discussions also were held through the MSN chat and email. Each of our group members was allocated with task and although conflicts arise during the discussion, we still managed to solve the problem. In my opinion, conflict in a group is not necessarily bad and we use several of techniques in order to resolve conflicts like compromising and exercises work delegation. Throughout completing the task – CareKoolTint Sdn Bhd, I have gained lots of new information about SME and the company. In order to get more facts about the company, we held an interview with one of their sales representatives on 2nd November 2009. From the 1 hour interview, we managed to gather the information needed for this project, which for example are, their current marketing strategies and the company’s internal issues. One important lesson I learnt from the interview is that, even though small firms is not properly structured, it does not mean that SMEs do not engage in marketing. It is only that, they are doing marketing according to their own terms and not according to a theoretical framework. Other than interviewing the sales representatives, my group and I also did a research based from their websites and also by reading books. It is important so that e will have a broader view on the business environment and help us to write the task more accurately. In order to complete the task, I read Marketing and Entrepreneurship in SMEs, Principles of Marketing by Philip Kotler and Fundamentals of Management to have a better understanding about SME and its management as well as several websites related to the topic which for example SME Info Portal. This whole process, I believe has improved both my knowledge and skills. I learnt how to work with others as a team, it taught me how to compromise as I need to be open in accepting other people ideas or opinion and also in handling conflicts. In addition to that, basically, I am more knowledgeable on this topic. From the research, I discovered various type of SME in Malaysia which can classified under 3 category that are Primary Agriculture, Manufacturing (including Agro-Based) ; MRS, Services Sector (including ‘CT) . Furthermore, I am also more aware on characteristics needed to be an entrepreneur, and one essential trait they must have is to be a risk taker. This is important as SME business environment is very uncertain and whenever they make a wrong decision, it may affect their business as a whole.

Biblical Allusions Throughout of Mice and Men Essay

â€Å"He calls Of Mice and Men a parable that illustrates the biblical conflict between the brothers Cain and Abel† (Goldhurst 48). Therefore the people who have read the story Of Mice and Men can automatically see the resemblance between the two stories. Of Mice and Men is a novelette by John Steinbeck, it is about two men who are migratory workers that works on farms. Of Mice and Men contains many Biblical allusions including the Story of Cain and Abel, the longing for Eden, and facing temptation. In Of Mice and Men and the Old Testament the themes are similar. It is stated in the â€Å"A Parable Curse of Cain.† â€Å"Of Mice and Men is a story about the nature of man’s fate in a fallen world, with particular emphasis upon the question: is man destined to live alone, a solitary wanderer on the face of the earth, or is it the fate of man to care for man, to go his way in companionship with another? This is the same theme that occurs in The Old Testament† (Goldhurst 49). This proves that Of Mice and Men and The Old Testament have a similar theme. One reoccurring theme in Of Mice and Men and The Old Testament is loneliness will always follow man and innocence keeps ideas alive. The curse that the Lord placed upon Cain was that agricultural labor was going to be difficult, and he will be lonely while being a fugitive (Genesis 4:12). In Of Mice and Men George and Lennie are fugitives that are migratory workers but George at times feels lonely even though he has Lennie because he doesn’t have a romantic partner. This shows how these two stories are similar within their themes. Worked Cited Goldhurst, William. â€Å"A Parable of the Curse of Cain.† Readings on John Steinbeck- Of Mice and Men. Ed. Jill Karson, Bruno Leone, Brenda Salcup, and Brenda Szumski. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1998. 48-58. Print The New Oxford Annotated Bible. Ed. Bruce M. Metzger, Roland E. Murphy, and Bernhard W. Anderson. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. 2-7. Print. Owens, Luis. â€Å"Of Mice and Men: The Dream of Commitment.† Modern Critical View John Steinbeck. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House, 1987. 145-149. Print.

Summary and evaluation writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary and evaluation writing - Essay Example Although, he admits that one may unintentionally omit some drawing aspects, he emphasizes on the essence of the incorporation of standard symbols and features when representing a source or a specific target. Goldschmidt ecucidates on how creative sketching can moderate the problem space by showing the representation behavior depicted in the sketches. While drawing has undergone evolution over the years with improvement of paper, Goldschmidt argues that it is recemmended for skilled sketchers to integrate orthogonal projections in their skecthes for complete representaion. Though a number of researcher suggest the benefits of imagery over sketches, Goldschmidt strongly disapproves this allegation. Concerning the beneficial aspect of skething on sharpening one’s creative imagination and reflective skills, I wholly support Goldschmidt. Though not every person or child may possess good skething skills or simply the passion as every individual has their innate capabilities. His ack nowlededgement of the fact that skething in a child improves over time to a detailed level is largely accurate as regular practice in sketching advances over time. However, I do not subscibe to the idea that emphasizes on the necessity of incorporating orthogonal projection as I strongly believe that each artist has their own way of enhancing their sketches. This takes me to the point that sketching is a liberated field and so every sketcher should do their own style. Lastly, I concur with Goldschmidt in emphasizing that sketches speak volumes as compared to imagery and they are easier to interpret. Although th use of imagery is crucial in creative writing, it is best suited for longer works besides involving some element of reading skills. Schon, D. 1983, ‘Design as a reflective conversation with the situation’, The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action, Basic Books, New York, pp. 76-104. Schon complains about the little attention that architecture has received over the years especially considering the fact that most design professions derive their foundation from architecture as field. He goes ahead to affirm how design can manifest as a reflective conversation more so in difficult and complex circumstances and situations. Schon categorically mentions in his article the close relationship between verbal and non-verbal communication, clearly depicting the essence of design as an architectural tool in eliminating language barrier. In reflecting the design aspects, Schon agrees that the shape plays an important role in architectural design as it forms silent reflective conversations with the subjects. Besides, he states the role of different shapes in as far as enhancing space is concerned. Schon claims that there are three dimensions attached to architectural design namely the consequences of the design sphere, the implications of the discovery, and the ability to respond to the situation. Schon argues that architectural desig n is crucial in solving problems of geometrical nature through critical and analytical reflection of the elements of design domain. I agree with Schon’s claim that architecture as the mother of all designs does not get the deserved acknowledgement in as far as